偶游石盎僧舍　宣州作。

杜牧的《偶游石盎僧舍　宣州作。》以其精炼的语言和深远的意境著称，诗中通过描绘幽静的山寺、孤寂的路径和凄凉的夜景，展现了诗人对自然与人生的深刻感悟。精彩之处在于其意象的巧妙组合，如“寒泉漱石底”生动刻画出清泉冲刷石头的动态美，而“空堂夜月凄”则通过静景传递出浓郁的孤寂感，整体语言简洁却富有画面感，充分体现了杜牧晚期诗歌的沉郁风格。

《偶游石盎僧舍　宣州作。》全文

敬亭山下寺，幽径独行迷。
野寺人来少，云峰水隔西。
寒泉漱石底，危磴入云梯。
不道支公死，空堂夜月凄。

译文及注释

严谨的现代汉语翻译： 敬亭山下的寺庙，我独自在幽深的小路上行走，感到迷茫。野外的寺庙很少有人来，云彩和山峰被水流隔在西边。寒冷的泉水冲刷着石头底部，险峻的石阶仿佛直入云端的梯子。没想到支公（高僧）已经去世，空荡的殿堂在夜月下显得凄凉。

幽默诙谐的版本： 嘿，哥们儿，我溜达到敬亭山下的破庙，小路弯弯曲曲的，我都快迷路了！这野庙没人来，云和山被水隔着，像在玩捉迷藏。冷泉哗啦啦地冲石头，石阶陡得能上天梯！可惜支公大师不在了，空屋子晚上月亮一照，凄凄惨惨的，像极了我的单身宿舍！

注释： 敬亭山：位于安徽宣州，以风景秀丽闻名；支公：指东晋高僧支遁，这里借喻寺庙的高僧已逝，象征时光流逝和物是人非；危磴：险峻的石阶；云梯：比喻高耸入云的山路。

创作背景

这首诗创作于杜牧任宣州团练判官期间（约公元839-842年），当时他因政治失意而寄情山水，游历宣州名胜。宣州（今安徽宣城）是唐代文化重镇，杜牧在此常访寺庙以寻求心灵慰藉。《偶游石盎僧舍》 reflects his personal feelings of loneliness and reflection on life's transience, influenced by the natural scenery and Buddhist themes. The poem captures a moment of solitary travel, highlighting his emotional state during this period of exile-like appointment.

全文赏析

《偶游石盎僧舍　宣州作。》是杜牧山水诗的代表作，全诗以简洁的笔触勾勒出一幅幽静而凄美的山林画卷。首句“敬亭山下寺，幽径独行迷” immediately sets a tone of solitude and confusion, using the imagery of a remote temple and maze-like path to symbolize the poet's inner turmoil. The second couplet, “野寺人来少，云峰水隔西”, emphasizes the isolation of the setting, with clouds and peaks separated by water, reflecting杜牧's sense of detachment from worldly affairs.

The third line, “寒泉漱石底”, employs auditory and visual elements to depict the purity and coldness of nature, while “危磴入云梯” conveys a sense of ascent and spiritual yearning. The final couplet, “不道支公死，空堂夜月凄”, shifts to a melancholic reflection on mortality, using the death of the monk支公 to underscore the theme of impermanence. The empty hall under the moon evokes a haunting beauty, blending natural scenery with philosophical depth. Overall, the poem showcases杜牧's mastery of condensing complex emotions into vivid imagery, making it a timeless piece that resonates with readers through its exploration of human existence and the passage of time.