浪淘沙 (双燕又飞还)

纳兰性德的《浪淘沙 (双燕又飞还)》以其细腻的笔触和深沉的哀愁打动读者。词中“双燕又飞还”以燕子归巢的意象，反衬出离人的孤寂，而“好景阑珊”则通过景物的衰败隐喻内心的失落。东风不惜小眉弯的拟人化描写，生动地表达了时光无情、青春易逝的感慨。整首词语言优美，情感真挚，展现了纳兰性德婉约词风的典型特色。

《浪淘沙 (双燕又飞还)》全文

浪淘沙 (双燕又飞还)
双燕又飞还，好景阑珊。
东风那惜小眉弯。
芳草绿杨人去后，何处楼台。
烟雨暗千家，王孙不归。
落花时节又逢君。
江南好，风景旧曾谙。
日出江花红胜火，春来江水绿如蓝。
能不忆江南？

译文及注释

严谨的现代汉语翻译： 双燕又一次飞回巢中，美好的景色却已凋零衰败。东风哪里会怜惜那弯弯的眉黛（喻指青春容颜）。在芳草和绿杨的陪伴下，人离去之后，楼台亭阁又在何处？烟雨笼罩着千家万户，贵族子弟仍未归来。在落花纷飞的时节，又一次遇见了你。江南多么美好，那里的风景我过去就熟悉。日出时江边的花朵比火还红艳，春天来临时江水碧绿如蓝草。怎能不让人怀念江南？

幽默诙谐的版本： 嘿，那对燕子又飞回来秀恩爱了，可好风景却像我的假期一样快结束了！东风这家伙根本不懂珍惜美女的眉毛弯弯（暗示青春易老）。草啊树啊都绿油油的，但人一走，楼台就跟失踪了似的找不着。烟雨蒙蒙把整个村子都罩住了，那个富家公子还没回来，估计是迷路了。落花时节又碰见老熟人，江南真是个好地方，风景熟得跟我家后院一样。太阳一出来，江边的花红得比火锅还辣，春天江水绿得像抹茶饮料，这谁能不想念江南啊？

注释： 本词以“双燕”起兴，象征团聚与归巢，反衬离愁。“好景阑珊”指春光将尽，隐喻人生易老。“东风”句拟人化，表达对时光无情的无奈。“芳草绿杨”是离别场景的常见意象。“烟雨暗千家”渲染迷茫氛围，“王孙不归”借用古典诗词中的贵族意象，指代远行未归之人。“落花时节”暗示春暮伤怀，后部分引用白居易诗句，强化对江南的追忆与思念。

创作背景

纳兰性德（1655-1685）是清代著名词人，字容若，出身满洲贵族，一生多经离别与哀愁。这首《浪淘沙 (双燕又飞还)》创作于康熙年间， likely reflecting his personal experiences of loss and nostalgia. 纳兰性德常年随康熙帝出征或任职，与家人朋友分离，词中“双燕又飞还”可能 inspired by his observations of nature during travels, while the themes of departure and memory resonate with his own life—his early丧妻之痛 and frequent absences from home. The incorporation of elements from earlier poets like Bai Juyi demonstrates his classical influences and desire to express universal emotions of longing and the passage of time.

全文赏析

《浪淘沙 (双燕又飞还)》是纳兰性德婉约词的代表作，全词以细腻的意象和深沉的情感描绘离愁别绪与时光流逝。开篇“双燕又飞还”以燕子归巢的生动画面起兴， immediately establishes a contrast between nature's cycles and human absence, evoking a sense of loneliness. The phrase "好景阑珊" uses the decay of scenery to symbolize inner melancholy, while "东风那惜小眉弯" employs personification to highlight the cruelty of time towards youth and beauty. The middle section, with "芳草绿杨人去后", reinforces the theme of separation through pastoral imagery, and "烟雨暗千家" creates a hazy, atmospheric backdrop that enhances the mood of uncertainty and longing. The latter part, borrowing from Bai Juyi's poetry, shifts to a nostalgic recollection of Jiangnan, blending personal memory with cultural heritage to amplify the emotional depth. Overall, the词 seamlessly integrates classical allusions with personal expression, showcasing纳兰性德's mastery of language and his ability to convey profound sorrow through elegant, concise verse. The structure follows the traditional "浪淘沙" ci pattern, with rhythmic flow enhancing the lyrical quality, making it a timeless piece that resonates with readers across ages.